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What is FSSAI?
FSSAI stands for Food Safety Standards Authority of India. It is an autonomous body established under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, governs food business in India. The FSSAI is governed by the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 (FSS Act).
If a person wants to start a business related to food, be it food processing or manufacturing, marketing, packaging or distribution, it has to register under FSSAI. It is mandatory to obtain a food license registration number which has to be printed on food packages or displayed in business premises during business hours. This license or registration number gives data about the producer’s permit or enrollment subtle elements and the assembling state.
Importance of FSSAI
Types of FSSAI
There are three types of FSSAI which depends on the nature and size of the food business:
FSSAI Basic
for FBOs expecting annual turnover of upto Rs. 12 Lakhs
FSSAI State
for FBOs with annual turnover between Rs. 12 Lakhs and Rs. 20 Crores
FSSAI Central
for FBOs with annual turnover of more than Rs. 20 Crores
FSSAI Basic
FSSAI Basic is for small food businesses which are expecting a small turnover upto Rs. 12 lakhs per annum. As the name signifies, it is a basic form of FSSAI Food License. All petty and small food businesses must register themselves under FSSAI and obtain the certificate. The registration number should be shown at the business premise during business hours.
FSSAI State
FSSAI State is required by FBOs who are dealing in manufacturing, storage, transportation, retailing, marketing, distribution, etc. of food & beverages. Food businesses having annual turnover between 12 lakhs to 20 crores and having their business operations within the territory of the state are required to obtain the State Food License. It is important to note that manufacturers & marketers are required to get FSSAI State License irrespective of minimum turnover limit.
FSSAI Central
FSSAI License is required by all the FBOs which are having their units in more than one state. Basically, they are large size businesses and are spread over various states or nations. These food businesses have an annual turnover of more than ₹20 crores. FBOs like importers, large producers, administrators in central agencies are qualified for issuance of Central Food License. Food businesses operating in at least 2 states need to apply for one Central for its Registered Head Office and separate license for all branches according to the eligibility criteria relevant to them.
FSSAI Requirements
License is provided to the food business operators according to the size and nature of the business.
The first and foremost thing you need to do is to check whether you are eligible for the license or not. According to the Act,
- Company having turnover below Rs. 12 lakhs, needs only a registration
- Company with a turnover of more than Rs. 12 Lakhs, needs a license
- Wholesalers -- Yearly turnover of up to Rs.12 lakhs
- Retailers -- Yearly turnover of up to Rs.12 lakhs
- Distributors -- Yearly turnover of up to Rs.12 lakhs
- Suppliers -- Yearly turnover of up to Rs.12 lakhs
- Dhaba owners -- Rs.12 lakhs turnover per annum
- Clubs/Canteen -- Rs.12 lakhs turnover per annum
- Hotels/Restaurant -- Rs.12 lakhs turnover per annum
- Food capacity -- Less than 100 kg/ltr per day
- Milk production -- Upto 500 litres per day
- Vegetable oil or the process -- Turnover of up to 100 kg or ltr per day.
- Meat processing production -- More than 100 kgs per day or 30 MT per day.
- Slaughtering capacity -- Less than 2 large animals or 10 small animals or 50 poultry birds per day
- Food units other than the above mentioned -- 100 ltr/Kg per day
- Cold storage -- Turnover of up to Rs.12 lakhs per annum
- Transporters -- Rs.12 lakhs turnover per annum
- Dairy unit that processes 500 to 50000 liters of milk per day or sells less than 2500 MT of milk per year
- Units that process or produce vegetable oil with a daily production capacity of up to 2 MT
- Slaughtering units with a size of more than 2 and up to 50 for large animals; more than 10 and up to 150 for small animals; and more than 50 and up to 1000 for poultry birds each day.
- Food business engaged in the activity of meat processing, capacity upto 500 Kg daily or 150 MT annually
- The food processing unit engaged in wholesale having a turnover upto INR 30 Crores
- Food business dealing in retail or distribution having a turnover upto INR 20 Crores
- Restaurants that have a turnover of upto Rs. 20 Crores
- Hotels that have a turnover of upto Rs. 20 Crores
- Units engaged in processing plants including re-labellers, re-packers and producing units upto 2 MT per day.
Note: It is important to note that manufacturers & marketers are required to get FSSAI State License irrespective of minimum turnover limit.
- FBOs like restaurants, retailers, distributors, and suppliers with an annual turnover of more than ₹20 Crores.
- Units for producing and processing vegetable oil using the solvent extraction method, as well as factories with oil expelled units, with a capacity of more than 2 metric tonnes per day.
- Dhaba, club, canteen, and other food vending establishments with branches spread in more than one state and an annual turnover of more than ₹12 Lakhs.
- Wholesalers that have an annual turnover of not less than ₹30 Crores.
- Hotels with rating 5-star or more.
- 100% export oriented units involved in food production or processing.
- All importers including the import of food ingredients or additives.
- Caterers working under Central Government or related agencies such as Railways, Airlines and airport, Seaport, Defense, etc.
- Storage with a capacity of more than 50,000 metric tonnes,
- Dairy Units (including chilling units), with a capacity to handle or process, over 50,000 liters per day,
- A slaughtering capacity of over 50 large animals or more than 150 small animals or more than 1000 poultry birds per day.
- Controlled Atmosphere + Cold Storage with the capacity of 1,000 MT or more.
- Transporters with more than 100 vehicles. Or turnover of more than ₹30 crores per annum.
- All food processing units including re-packers and excluding the grains, pulses & cereals milling units with a capacity of over 2 metric tonnes per day.
- All FBOs involved in producing an item of food, additive or its ingredient, using some new process or technology, and/or a combination thereof, whose safety has not been established yet by the FSSAI.
FSSAI Process
Benefits of FSSAI Registration
To register under FSSAI, an application form must be filed along with the fee and submitted to FoSCoS portal. Form-A is filed for Basic registration and Form-B is filed for State & Central License. After submitting the application form, you will be issued a unique application number for reference. You can easily check your application status with the reference number alloted to you by using our FSSAI Application Status Checker tool.
The Registering Authority will either accept or reject the application within 7 days of your application submission and 30 days time would be allotted for proceeding inspection of your food business.
Application will reach out to the Registering Authority and it may accept or reject, with proper reason in writing for your application. If they accept your registration then it would move to the next stage. But if they reject your application, they would order notice for inspection of your food business. After inspection of the documents and application, the department officials may visit the business premise to inspect whether the food business conforms to the standards and guidelines as per the provisions of the FSS Act.
Post-inspection of documents and business premise, the application will be approved by the Registering Authority and then it will proceed to the next stage which is issuance of FSSAI License or Certificate.
Process of FSSAI
FSSAI-registered food business operators (FBOs) have a competitive advantage over their rivals in the same industry. Since the penalties are greater than the expense of acquiring the license, it avoids legal repercussions. Here are some of the benefits of obtaining an FSSAI License:
- Helps in building goodwill of the company
- It can assist in business expansion
- It helps in the regulation, manufacture, storage, distribution and sale of the imported goods
- It is also compatible with the international business
- Food safety and security is facilitated
- Creating awareness and brand recognition amongst consumers and the general public
- The license holder can use the FSSAI Logo in the menu card and other promotional advertisements which helps in the process of customer building
- It guarantees the health and sanitation of food safety, establishing your company's credibility. It will help in the acquisition of clients, investors, partners, etc.
- It provides legal benefits to the food business owners
Penalties for Non-Compliances
| S. No. | Particulars | Penalties |
| 1 | Quality of the Food not in Compliance with the Act | 2 Lakh Petty manufacturer – 25,000/- |
| 2 | Misbranded Food | 3 Lakh |
| 3 | Degraded Food standard | 5 Lakh |
| 4 | Misleading advertisement & false information | 10 Lakh |
| 5 | Fails to comply with direction of the Food safety officer | 2 Lakh |
| 6 | Extraneous food matter | 1 Lakh |
| 7 | Unhygienic manufacturers or processing | 1 Lakh |
FSSAI Renewal
Food business owners who have an FSSAI Basic registration or license must renew it on time, as an expired license is considered the same as not getting one at all. If you continue to run a food business with an expired license, you will be liable to the penalties imposed by the FSSAI.
If you fail to renew your FSSAI license before the expiry date, then your license will no longer be considered as valid, and you will be subject to the penalties that may be charged on your business.
You will get a daily penalty of ₹100. The authorities would not deem your food business to be legitimate. Your consumer’s goodwill and credibility can be affected. So, you must renew your food license prior to the expiration date
Frequently Asked Questions
The manufacturers & marketers are required to get FSSAI State License irrespective of minimum turnover limit.
Any individual who is aggrieved by a decision of the Licensing/Registering Authority may appeal to the Commissioner of Food Safety, whose decision is final, under Section 32 (4) and 32(5) of the FSS Act, 2006. The time limit for filing such an appeal is fifteen days from the date on which notice of the decision was served. If you want to appeal a notice of improvement, you have 15 days or the date stated in the notice, whichever comes first.
You must act on the suggestions for improvement made by the concerned authority after receiving an improvement notice. The concerned authority must give you at least 14 days to submit your compliance report.
The FSSAI license is issued for 1 to 5 years depending on the requirements of the business.
If you do not renew your FSSAI registration on time, you will have to pay a penalty of ₹100 per day from the date it expires till it renews.
- FSSAI Basic Registration: Small food businesses can opt to register under FSSAI with the basic registration if they are expecting annual turnover upto Rs. 12 Lakhs per annum.
- FSSAI State License: FBOs with annual turnover between Rs. 12 Lakhs to Rs. 20 Crores must have state license. It is important to note that manufacturers and marketers must obtain a State Food License irrespective of their turnover limit.
- FSSAI Central License: FBO having turnover of more than 20 crores are mandatory to have FSSAI Central License. Also, FBOs operating in more than one state and covered under schedule 1 of FSS Regulations, 2011 should have a central license